Growth of fiberform nanostructures on metal surfaces by helium plasma irradiation

Helium plasma irradiation to various metals leads peculiar morphology changes as forming fiberform nanostructures called fuzz when a certain set of conditions is satisfied. In this Tutorial, we overview experimental observations about the growth process, conditions, rate, etc. on tungsten (W), and observed other metals. The mechanism, open questions growth, current understandings these issues are discussed based simulation theoretical works. Several applications (gas sensors photocatalytic application) with shown. We hope that Tutorial will help new researchers in field perform experiments simulations reveal perspectives fuzz.